Under federalism, which levels of government share authority?

• A. Only national government
• B. Local governments only
• C. Only state governments
• D. State and national governments

Answer: (D)

Federalism divides power between different levels of government, so authority is shared between the national and the state governments. Both levels govern the same citizens and territory, each with powers defined by the Constitution. The national government handles national issues like defense and interstate matters, while states manage local concerns such as education and local law enforcement. Some powers, like collecting taxes, can be exercised by both levels. When conflicts arise, federal law generally prevails, but states retain significant authority in many areas. This is why the correct understanding is that both state and national governments share authority.