Industrialization in the United States led to NATIVIST feelings against the growing immigrant population.

• A. Increased tolerance for immigrants.
• B. NATIVIST feelings against the growing immigrant population.
• C. Policies protecting immigrant workers.
• D. Decreased religious diversity.

Answer: (B)

Industrialization in the United States often concentrated workers in urban factories, and rapid change sparked anxiety among native-born Americans about job competition and cultural differences. This fear and desire to protect native interests is what we call nativism—hostility toward immigrants and a push to limit their influence. The statement is describing that anti-immigrant sentiment, which is why it’s the best fit.

The other ideas don’t match as closely: increased tolerance would mean more acceptance, not the anti-immigrant stance described; policies protecting immigrant workers would imply support for immigrants rather than opposition; and decreased religious diversity isn’t the direct claim being made, even though religion sometimes intersected with nativist attitudes.